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Chemistry is the study of the composition, structure, and properties of matter, as well as the changes it undergoes. Chemistry is a branch of science that deals with the physical and chemical properties of matter. One area of chemistry is distillation, which is the process of separating two or more substances by heating them to … Read more
Introduction: Molarity (M) is used to determine concentration. Molarity is found by dividing the number of moles of a solute by the volume of the solution in liters. Multiple series of solutions with different concentrations can be used by diluting the concentration. The dilution technique is: Number Moles Concentrated Solution = Number Moles Dilute Solution. … Read more
• All communication should be done via school email ([email protected]) • The work will be submitted through canvas assignments. You can simply upload doc/pdf files under “Lab report” assignment tap. • Review: Ch2, Ch3.5, Ch 4.2, Ch6.1 and Ch7.1-Ch 7.3 in your text book (21st century chemistry). https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gas_laws Name: BILLY K MPOYI -1 pt for … Read more
Calcium is a very interesting element that has a lot to tell about itself. There is much history to be learned about calcium. Calcium was actually discovered by Humphry Davy in 1808. Calcium’s name happens to come from the latin ‘calx’ meaning lime. Lime (calcium oxide, CaO) was a useful material that was created by … Read more
Mercury shares its name not only as an element but as Planet. Its name transcends other elements, perhaps due to its mystical appearance and composition. Mercury is one of the only metals that is liquid in room temperature. (Excluding Gallium since its achieves liquid state at a slightly higher temperature than room temperature which is … Read more
When it comes to organic chemistry and the synthesis of specific products there is an abundant amount of routes that can be taken and still get you the same result. For the following experiment, the main focus is the use of a cycloaddition reaction, also known as Diels-Alder. According to the lab manual, this reaction … Read more
Enzymes are proteins that act as catalysts; thus allowing the many chemical reactions in life to occur. The purpose of an enzyme is to speed up the rate of a chemical reaction. Without enzymes, living organisms would be unable to function properly, since the releasing and storing of energy depend on the enzyme’s function (2). … Read more
Think about mice racing each other. Would they prefer a smooth floor or a rough floor? This experiment will tell which floor the mice go faster on. To make this experiment work correctly, you would need to figure out what you need for this experiment, what would be contained in the experimental group, and how … Read more
The objective of this experiment was the synthesis of Isopentyl Acetate using an esterification reaction between acetic acid and Isopentyl Alcohol, using a strong acid as a catalyst. The product was washed, and distilled. This approach is called Fisher esterification, whereby esters are produced by the esterification of a Carboxylic acid where it is heated … Read more
In the second separation of this experiment, the Erlenmeyer flask with the first filtrate was put into a beaker so the filtrate was in the beaker. The beaker was then heated on a hotplate until near boiling. After the whey protein had precipitated, a vacuum filter was used to filter out the whey. These proteins … Read more
Analytical Chemistry is the branch of chemistry principally concerned with determining the chemical composition of materials, which may be solids, liquids, gases, pure elements, compounds, or complex mixtures. In addition, chemical analysis can characterize materials but determining their molecular structures and measuring such physical properties as pH, color, and solubility. Wet analysis involves the studying … Read more
Chlorofluorocarbons are non-toxic, non-flammable chemicals that are mainly used in the manufacturing of aerosols, blowing agents for foams and packing materials, as solvents, and as refrigerants. They are classified as Halocarbons, a class of compounds that contain carbon and halogen atoms, and are amongst a group of substances called greenhouse gases. They eat away at … Read more
The purpose of this experiment is to explore the hardness of the water on campus. Hard water has been a problem for hundreds of years. One of the earliest references to the hardness or softness of water is in Hippocrates discourse on water quality in Fifth century B. C. Hard water causes many problems in … Read more
The purpose of this experiment is to explore the hardness of the water on campus. Hard water has been a problem for hundreds of years. One of the earliest references to the hardness or softness of water is in Hippocrates discourse on water quality in Fifth century B. C. Hard water causes many problems in … Read more
An American Chemist named Glenn T. Seaborg discovered plutonium in 1941 at Berkeley University in California. The discovery of Plutonium was not announced until 1946 because America was at war with Japan and Germany. Plutonium was named after the planet Pluto, after the planet Neptune in the solar system and Neptune gave its name to … Read more
Analytical Chemistry is the branch of chemistry principally concerned with determining the chemical composition of materials, which may be solids, liquids, gases, pure elements, compounds, or complex mixtures. In addition, chemical analysis can characterize materials but determining their molecular structures and measuring such physical properties as pH, color, and solubility. Wet analysis involves the studying … Read more
Silicon is the raw material most often used in integrated circuit (IC) fabrication. It is the second most abundant substance on the earth. It is extracted from rocks and common beach sand and put through an exhaustive purification process. In this form, silicon is the purist industrial substance that man produces, with impurities comprising less … Read more
Platinum is a relatively rare, chemically inert, metallic element. It symbol is Pt, atomic number is 78, and its atomic weight is 195. 09. Platinum is one of the heaviest substances known. One cubic foot of Platinum weighs 21 times as much as a cubic foot of water. A grayish-white metal, Platinum has a melting … Read more
The year, 600 BC. Solon, the legislator of the Athenians, contaminated the River Pleisthenes with hellebores (skunk cabbage) to give the defenders of Kirrha violent diarrhea leading to their defeat. This is the first recorded use of plants as a source of chemicals for warfare. Although not very well known, chemical and biological warfare has … Read more
Production: Although Helium is one of the most common elements in the universe it is a rare gas on earth. It exists in the atmosphere in such small quantities (less than five parts per million) that recovering it from the air is uneconomical. Helium is produced as a by-product of the refining of natural gas, … Read more
This essay concentrates on the heavy metal cadmium, and its occurrence in the environment, its pathways into and out of the human body and its movement into and out of Sewage sludge. Firstly, I will provide a clear definition of the Heavy Metal Cadmium. What is Cadmium? Cadmium is a naturally occurring element in the … Read more
Carbohydrates and lipids/fats are a very important part of our lives. They have many similarities and differences among each other, which distinguish them from other macromolecules. Carbohydrates, which include sugar and their polymers, are used by organisms for fuel and building material. They come in many various forms going from simplicity to complexity. The simplest, … Read more
Periodic Table Dmitri Mendeleev was born in Tobolsk, Siberia; on February 7, 1834 . He was the youngest of 14 children born to Maria Dmitrievna Korniliev and Ivan Pavlovitch Mendeleev. His father was director of the local gymnasium. Maria Korniliev’s family settled in Tobolsk in the early 1700’s and introduced paper- and glass-making to Siberia. … Read more
Robert Boyle is considered both the founder of modern chemistry and the greatest English scientist to live during the first thirty years of the existence of the Royal Society. He was not only a chemist and a physicist as we know him to be, but also an avid theologian, a philanthropist, an essayist, and a … Read more
The first images of JonBenet Ramsey that were broadcast to the world showed a pretty little girl in heavy make-up and flamboyant costumes parading across a stage. At the time, the media described her as being “a painted baby, a sexualized toddler beauty queen. ” From the day in 1996, when JonBenet was found dead … Read more
Aluminum sulfate reacts with phosphates to create aluminum phosphate and a sulfate. The conversion of the phosphate to aluminum phosphate is very important because this allows the phosphate to be easily extracted. This manipulation is used today in industrial waste treatment sights. The removal of phosphates is very important for if phosphates are not removed, … Read more
Just after midnight on December 3, 1984, a pesticide plant in Bhopal, India had a chemical leak accident. The chemical that was released into the air is called methyl isocyanate, or MIC, used to make pesticides. This chemical is tremendously harmful and fatal to humans, livestock, and crops. Only a short-term exposure may cause death … Read more
Puget Sound Report Details Industry’s Toxic Chemical Shipyards, oil refineries, and pulp and paper mills put the health of Puget Sound at risk by not fully meeting their responsibility to control the toxic chemical pollution they generate, according to a detailed report by People For Puget Sound based on the environmental records of 31 facilities. … Read more
Chemistry is the science of the composition and structure of materials and of the changes that materials undergo. It is also used in improving standards of living, making it possible for such substances as rubber, nylon, and plastics to be made from completely different materials. New materials and new properties of old materials are always … Read more
There are many ways to examine the subject of alchemy, including alchemy as a source of symbolism, psychology, and mysticism. It has also been an influence on the world view of various writers, artist, and musicians. The focus of this report is alchemy as a pre-chemistry, which gave a new impulse towards the preparation of … Read more
The environment can be defined as the surroundings in which as organism lives, including the climate, the physical and chemical conditions of its habitat and its relationship with other living things. Given the above understanding, it is therefore important that the right environment factors are in existence for some chemical reactions to take place. In … Read more
In our society it’s a given that suntans look attractive, and it’s also understoud that they can be harmful, and downright unhealthy. So what does this mean? This means that there is a multi-million dollar a year industry that researches and manufactures UV absorbing and blocking lotions that are designed to prevent skin damage from … Read more
Ozone (O3) is a molecule consisting of three oxygen atoms, similar to the oxygen we breathe (O2), however oxygen consists of only two oxygen atoms. In the stratosphere, a region high up in the upper atmosphere, light rays are responsible for the breaking down of oxygen (O2), breathable oxygen into its two separate oxygen atoms. … Read more
Magnesium is the twelfth element on the periodic table. It is located in the second group called the alkaline earth metals. Natural magnesium contains three different isotopes, and there are twelve others that are recognized. Seawater is a rich source of magnesium in the form of salt. Magnesium is the eighth most abundant element in … Read more
John Dalton (1766-1844), was a British chemist and physicist, who developed the atomic theory upon which modern physical science is based. Dalton was born on September 6, 1766, in Eaglesfield, Cumberland County, England. He was the son of a weaver and was initially educated by his father and then at Quaker school in his hometown, … Read more
